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  • Normal Child
    • Normal Skeleton
      • Describing Bone Joint and Muscle
        • Surface Anatomy
        • Joint Movement
        • Labelling Bones
    • Normal Motor Milestones
      • Abnormal Motor Milestones
    • Normal Walking
      • Abnormal Walking
      • Limp
    • Normal Variants
      • Bow Legs Knock Knees
      • Flat Feet
      • In-Toeing Out-Toeing
      • Tip-Toe Walking
      • Hypermobility
    • Development - When to be concerned
    • Blood Tests
  • Arthritis & Conditions
    • Top Tips for Swollen Joint(s)
    • What is Arthritis ?
      • Single joint arthritis
      • Multiple joint arthritis
    • Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA)
      • JIA Subtypes - Overview
      • JIA classification
      • Care pathways
      • Uveitis
      • How is JIA diagnosed ?
    • Multi-system Disease
      • Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
      • Vasculitis
      • Juvenile Dermatomyositis
      • Scleroderma
      • Periodic Fevers and Autoinflammatory Syndromes
      • Inflammatory Bowel Disease
      • How are multisystem diseases diagnosed ?
    • Red Flag Conditions
      • Septic Arthritis & Osteomyelitis
      • Malignancy
      • Non-Accidental Injury
      • Tuberculosis
    • Musculoskeletal Problems in Chronic Conditions
      • Osteomalacia
      • Genetic Diseases
        • Downs Syndrome
      • Orthopaedic Conditions
        • Hip
        • Knee
        • Back
        • Fractures
      • Hypermobility
      • Chronic Pain & Growing pains
  • Assessment
    • Top Tips Assessment
    • Children Differ From Adults
    • Enquiry
      • What to Ask & Why
        • Assessing Joint Symptoms
        • Pain assessment
      • When to seek advice
        • Urgent referrals
        • Referral pathways
    • Examination
      • pGALS
        • pGALS checklist
        • Practical tips and pGALS
        • Examples of abnormal pGALS
        • pGALS manoeuvres
      • Top Tips Examination
    • Adolescent Issues
    • Red Flags - when to be concerned
      • Recognition of the Sick Child
      • Referral Pathways
      • Limping
      • Safeguarding
    • Investigations
      • Blood and Urine tests
      • Imaging
      • Tests before Immunosuppression
  • Management
    • Top Tips Management
    • The Multidisciplinary Team (MDT)
      • Nurses
        • Nurse Led Clinics
        • Nurse Led Helpline
      • Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy
      • Ophthalmologist
      • Psychologist
    • Education and Support
    • Treatments
      • NSAIDS & Pain Relief
      • Methotrexate and DMARDS
      • Biologics & Biosimilars
      • Cytotoxics
      • Corticosteroids
      • Tests Before Immunosuppression
      • Vaccines and Immunosuppression
    • Monitoring
    • Nursing Care General Notes
      • JIA Nursing Care Notes
      • Multisystem Diseases Nursing Care
    • Adolescent & Young Adult
      • Transitional Care
    • Practical Skills
      • Taking Blood & Cannulation
      • Joint Injections
      • Inhaled Nitrous Oxide
      • Subcutaneous Injections
  • Cases for Discussion
    • Recognising Normal & Abnormal
      • Regression of Activities - JIA
      • Frequent Falls - Muscle disease
      • Leg Pains - Hypermobility
    • Arthritis & Conditions
      • Limp and Night Pain
      • Pallor and Limb pain
      • Fever and Pain
      • Swollen knee
      • Painful Fingers
      • Pigmented skin & wasting
      • Fatigue & Weakness
      • Fever & Arthritis
      • Swollen toe
    • Management Scenarios
      • Methotrexate Intolerance
      • Transitional Care
      • Safeguarding
      • Complex needs
  • Resources
    • Information for Nurses
    • Key References & Guidelines
  • e-Modules
    • A Guide to pGALS (paediatric Gait Arms Legs and Spine)
    • A Guide for General Practitioners (Primary Care / Family Medicine)
    • A guide to Gait Assessment
    • A Guide to the Child with Fever
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